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Currency [0]/Explanatory TextG5Explanatory Text % 0Good;Good  a%1 Heading 1G Heading 1 I}%O2 Heading 2G Heading 2 I}%?3 Heading 3G Heading 3 I}%234 Heading 49 Heading 4 I}% 5InputuInput ̙ ??v% 6 Linked CellK Linked Cell }% 7NeutralANeutral  e%3Normal % 8Noteb Note   9OutputwOutput  ???%????????? ???:$Percent ;Title1Title I}% <TotalMTotal %OO= Warning Text? Warning Text %XTableStyleMedium9PivotStyleLight16`]Sheet2Sheet38 CERMESGESAMPPMLWRIDissolved oxygen concentration4Table 1. Overview of the metrics, indicators, and indices in the TWAP open ocean methodology. Those in bold are the core natural system indicators and human system metrics that at the global level can be combined for the assessment. Wherever possible a mapping approach is taken to allow for geographic scoping and scaling. Expert assessment of literature is needed to complement the metrics, indicators, and indices for high uncertainty, potentially high impact, and/or subjective issues, and the importance of this need for each subtheme is noted by * below. Theme/subtheme global indexstress indicator!ecosystem vulnerability indicatorecosystem state indicatornotesData source or partner(Climate change, variability, and impacts sea levelproj. of human pop at risksea-level rise projections map*potential link with groundwater extraction WCRP, CIESINocean heat storage/structureaverage ocean heat contentocean heat content mapRLinked to sea level rise projections and the map for human pops in low-lying areas NOAA/NODC and impact on corals global yearly coral heating dayscoral heating days index map%coralVulnerable reef locations on map2Linked to sea level rise projections and the map.@NOAA/NODC, NOAA Coral Reef Watch/WCRP (projections), WRI (reefs) and impact on extremes)global yearly cyclone heat potential meancyclone heat potential mapAocean heat content map and Tropical Cyclone Heat Potential (TCHP) NOAA/AOML(rainfall-drought changes linked to ocean/projections of rainfall changes, mapped on land?Link to ocean heat content; Major link with other water systemsWCRPSea ice?global yearly sea ice minimum extent / shipping / acidificationsea ice extent map+proj)(connected to shipping and acidification)<BaselineMap of ecosystem state in the arctic and Antarctic NSIDCOcean deoxygenation#global est volume oxy minimum zones)Est. volume oxygen minimum zones map+proj)(linked to catch potential changes below).BaselineMap of zones of reduced biodiversityIOCCPOcean CO2 uptakeglobal uptake estSurface map uptake+proj9Rate of C02 uptake (linked to primary productivity below) SOCAT / IOCCPOcean acidificationglobal est reefs at risk+proj%surface map aragonite saturation+projcoral locations mapXMap of projections of vulnerable ecosystem states (linked to primary productivity below),Ocean ecosystems, habitats, and biodiversityprimary productivity*global est of open ocean productivity+proj!(related to stratification above)$gyre/mapped chlorophyll history+projlinked to fisheries below zooplankton(linked to climate above)Imapped changes in mesozooplankton abundance, species distribution, timingGACS biodiversity%(linked to all climate and all below)OBIS0Open ocean fisheries: impacts and sustainability Fishing effort yearly effortRmapping of FAO/Sea Around Us reported demersal fish catch and high seas tuna catch-(linked to above through habitat destruction), FFish catch can also be considered as an indicator of ecosystem state. Sea Around us Project#Open ocean fisheries sustainability[Marine trophic and fish-in-balance indexes;map of projected changes in fish catch potential!Sea Around Us Project, literatureFish catch value?Global ranking of countries benefiting from high seas fisheriesDProjections of future species distribution and primary production. Sea Around Us Project*Pollution as stressor of marine ecosystemsShipping%Highlighted changes in pristine areasMapping of shipping patterns;(stress on candidate EBSAs, increase in atm nitrogen input)'Map of areas vulnerable to pollution. Plastics'Mapping of convergent gyre plastic load (low knowledge of vulnerability)Global impact estimates7Cumulative impact of human stresses on ocean ecosystemsranking of stressesKglobal mapping of cumulative impact (combines stress, vulnerability, state)1Center for Marine Assessment and Planning (CMAP) 7global mapping of biodiversity (taxa) in marine census$water temperature/ocean heat contentCandidate EOV: Physical Candidate EOV: BiologicalCandidate EOV: Chemical'Candidate EOV: Socio Econ/Human Impact Kabsolute sea level; shoreline positio, water temperature/ocean heat contentpopulation distribution'dependence on ocean ecosystem services : water temperature/ocean heat content; shoreline position ] water temperature/ocean heat content; shoreline position; surface wave height and direction -Sea Ice; ater temperature/ocean heat content;_dependence on ocean ecosystem service; population distributio; pollution (from shipping paths) geographic distribution of taxa; calcaerous plankton abundance; abundance of copepod indicator species (linked to acidification)/dependence on ocean ecosystem service; other?? ?primary productivity/phytoplankton biomass (chlorophyll-a); geographic distribution of taxa; calcaerous plankton abundance; abundance of copepod indicator species (linked to acidification)KpH, CO2 & total alkalinity (calcareous plankton/aragonite saturation state)6dependence on ocean ecosystem service;fish catch value CMAP (USBC)&Dissolved oxygen concentration?; pH, .water temperature/ocean heat content; salinityZooplankton (including abundance, size structure, composition and timing); geographic distribution of taxa; food webs and trophic changes; others? Hgeographic distribution of taxa; food webs and trophic changes; others? Gwater temperature/ocean heat content; salinity/ total suspended matter?Dprimary productivity/phytoplankton biomass (chlorophyll-a); geographic distribution of taxa; food webs and trophic changes; others;species diversity of communities associated with benthic habitats; abundance of eggs, larvae and size classes of exploited fish stocks; fish stocks; bycatch; diet of exploitable fish species; Wfish catch value; destructive fishing practices; dependence on ocean ecosystem servicesgeographic distribution of taxa; food webs and trophic changes; others;species diversity of communities associated with benthic habitats; abundance of eggs, larvae and size classes of exploited fish stocks; fish stocks; bycatch; diet of exploitable fish species; |fish catch value; destructive fishing practices; abudance and size of apex predators; dependence on ocean ecosystem services{fish catch value; destructive fishing practices; abudance and size of apex predators;dependence on ocean ecosystem services:bacterial communities? Abundance of waterborne pathogens? #Abundance of waterborne pathogens? 0pollution (including Hg, oil spills, plastics); Mpollution (including Hg, oil spills, plastics); destructive fishing practicesJDissolved inorganic nutrients; colored dissolved organic matter; other ? dissolved inorganic nutrients? n/ana/Bpopulation distribution; dependence on ocean ecosystem services ?  calcaerous plankton abundance; abundance of copepod indicator species; abundance of waterborne pathogens; Coral skeletal density; primary productivity/phytoplankton biomass (chlorophyll-a); Phytoplankton (pigments and size); Toxic phytoplankton abundance; Zooplankton (including abundance, size structure, composition and timing)diatoms/non diatom ratio; geographic distribution of taxa; food webs and trophic change;extent of living benthic habitats; species diversity of communities associated with benthic habitatsprimary productivity/phytoplankton biomass (chlorophyll-a); Phytoplankton (pigments and size); Toxic phytoplankton abundance; diatoms/non diatom ratio; geographic distribution of taxa; food webs and trophic changes; others? calcaerous plankton abundance; abundance of copepod indicator species; abundance of waterborne pathogens; Coral skeletal density; primary productivity/phytoplankton biomass (chlorophyll-a); Phytoplankton (pigments and size); Toxic phytoplankton abundance; Zooplankton (including abundance, size structure, composition and timing<)diatoms/non diatom ratio; geographic distribution of taxa; food webs and trophic change;extent of living benthic habitats; species diversity of communities associated with benthic habitats; >P?tc@AB'DKE= [F NGr ]H J& K0LM`P{RVccB g2ɀ p  dMbP?_*+%,&ffffff?'ffffff?(?)?M HP LaserJet 5200 Series PCL 5L C odXXLetterDINU"PE/SMTJHP LaserJet 5200 Series PCL 5InputBinPrinterSelectRESDLLUniresDLLOrientationPORTRAITHPOrientRotate180FalsePaperSizeLETTERMediaTypeAUTOEconomodeFalseTextAsBlackFalseTTAsBitmapsSettingTTModeOutlineGraphicsModeRASTERMODEPrintQualityGroupPQGroup_1HPColorModeMONOCHROME_MODEHPPDLTypePDL_PCL5HPMaxResolutionPDM_600DPIHPPJLEncodingUTF8HPJobAccountingHPJOBACCT_JOBACNT_COLORAUTHHPBornOnDateHPBODHPJobByJobOverrideJBJOHPSmartDuplexSinglePageJobTrueHPSmartDuplexOddPageJobTrueHPManualDuplexDialogItemsInstructionID_01_FACEDOWN-NOROTATEHPManualFeedOrientationFACEDOWNHPOutputBinOrientationFACEDOWNHPManualDuplexDialogModelModelessHPMapManualFeedToTray1TrueHPManualDuplexPageRotateDriverRotateHPStraightPaperPathFalseHPCoversFront_CoverHPConsumerCustomPaperTrueHPEnableRAWSpoolingTrueHPPrintOnBothSidesManuallyFalseResolution600dpiDuplexNONECollateONAlternateLetterHeadFalseHPPaperSizeALMConstraintsENV_10HPCustomDUplexableRange8.27x5.83_11.69x17HPXMLFileUsedhpc5200f.xmlHPDuplicateJobNameOverrideSWFWJRConstraintsJRCHDPartialJRHDInstalledJRHDOffJRHDNotInstalledJRHDOffPSAlignmentFileHPZLSWN7PSServicesOptionPrnStat_SID_242_BID_497_HID_15521HPSmartHubInet_SID_263_BID_514_HID_265HPPaperSizeDuplexConstraintsSTATEMENTHPMediaTypeDuplexConstraintsCARDSTOCKPIUPHdLetter o [none] [none]4Pd?S_GRIMES44dMicrosoft ExcelEXCEL.EXEC:\Program Files\Microsoft Office\Office14\EXCEL.EXE< "dXX333333?333333?&<3U} I } $} m} $} } $} m}   ;    ;      @               ;    N     , ;  ;  , ~@  @  @  ;  @    ;   > [\ B Ci Ck Cj Cl C C  C  C  C Y ZZZ_ZZZZZ?? 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